India accuses Chinese smartphone giant Vivo of visa violations and tax evasion, covertly siphoning off US$13 billion to the mainland

The accusations, detailed on Tuesday in a court filing that is not public, follow the arrest this week of a Vivo executive, Guangwen Kuang, in a money laundering investigation launched in 2022 into India’s second-biggest smartphone vendor.

“Various Chinese nationals have been travelling across India, including sensitive places of Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh, in gross violation of Indian visa conditions,” the ED added, shedding light for the first time on the alleged offences.

“Many employees of Vivo group companies worked in India without appropriate visas,” the agency said in the filing.

“They have concealed information regarding their employer in their visa applications and cheated the Indian embassy or missions in China.”

Asked for comment, Vivo – with a market share of 17 per cent in India, the world’s second-biggest smartphone market – reiterated a statement from earlier this week that said the executive’s arrest “deeply concerns us”, while adding that it remained “dedicated to legal compliance”.

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China’s foreign ministry, which said this week it was closely following the case, did not respond to a Reuters request for comment.

The Indian embassy in Beijing and the foreign ministry in New Delhi also did not respond.

In their decades-old border dispute, both India and China claim large tracts of land controlled by the other in the western Himalayas.

India bars foreigners from entering or staying in the areas of Ladakh and parts of Jammu and Kashmir it has designated as “protected”, unless they have a permit from the authorities – a document that is separate from a visa.

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This week’s court filing said 1.07 trillion rupees (US$13 billion) was remitted outside India by Vivo to some trading companies controlled by its Chinese parent, in what the agency called a “masking layer” intended to escape government notice.

“While no profits were shown from 2014-15 to 2019-20 in the statutory filings and no income taxes were paid … huge sums were siphoned off out of India,” the ED said.

In July last year, the agency estimated a figure of 624.7 billion rupees had been remitted mainly to China.